A revision of this Directive is necessary to ensure better coherence between the obligation to deliver waste in ports (Directive 2019/883/EU), and the prohibition against illegal discharges at sea. To improve enforcement, the link between the two Directives requires better coordination of the THETIS EU, SafeSeaNet, CleanSeaNet. A harmonized reporting format for observations of illegal discharges of polluting substances is needed to ensure that those responsible can be held liable.