ANIMA CONFINDUSTRIA MECCANICA VARIA
ANIMA
ANIMA CONFINDUSTRIA MECCANICA VARIA è l'organizzazione industriale di categoria che in seno a Confindustria rappresenta le aziende della meccanica, un settore che occupa 222.000 addetti per un fatturato di oltre 55 miliardi di Euro e una quota export/fatturato del 60% (previsioni 2024).
ID: 222607318896-47
Lobbying Activity
Meeting with Brando Benifei (Member of the European Parliament, Shadow rapporteur) and Orgalim – Europe's Technology Industries
28 Nov 2025 · Steel safeguards
Meeting with Massimiliano Salini (Member of the European Parliament)
14 Oct 2025 · CBAM, Acciaio
Meeting with Giorgio Gori (Member of the European Parliament)
10 Sept 2025 · Presentation of priorities
26 Aug 2025
ANIMA Confindustria, the Italian federation of mechanical manufacturers, is generally supportive of extending the CBAM scope to downstream products. However, several concerns remain. First, ANIMA strongly advocates for a sector-specific rather than a general approach to determining which downstream products should fall under the CBAM scope, given that some products are part of multiple value chains. When assessing the inclusion of finished products, it is equally important to exclude those market segments where European production is marginal or non-existent. Otherwise, CBAM risks becoming an additional burden on companies and end-users, without delivering tangible benefits for Europes climate and environmental policies. Safeguarding the competitiveness of European manufacturing is crucial to prevent production from moving to third countries. It is vital to ensure that the production of finished goods, particularly strategic technologies essential for achieving the EUs decarbonisation targets for 2030 and 2050, remains within Europe, while maintaining a level playing field between EU and non-EU producers. The plant engineering sector illustrates this challenge, as steel and aluminium account for a significant portion of the final product. In such cases, securing fair competition for downstream goods is critical to keeping production in Europe, by including them within the CBAM framework. Secondly, regarding the methodology for calculating direct CO emissions for downstream products, ANIMA calls for the application of default values, particularly for the share of input materials and their emission intensity. However, it would be desirable for such methodologies to be at least aligned with the GHG Protocol. More broadly, a greater degree of consistency and harmonisation across different regulations governing carbon footprint calculations would be highly beneficial. Finally, while ANIMA agrees with the overall objective of CBAM, its implementation has so far proven ineffective, creating numerous obstacles and significant additional costs. CBAM should be accompanied by support measures for the European production of strategic technologies, and the revenues generated by CBAM should be primarily allocated to supporting the transition of European companies, in particular through innovation, energy efficiency, and the evolution of production processes. Therefore,a more streamlined and harmonised implementation, with careful attention to avoiding overlaps between different pieces of legislation, would greatly improve CBAMs application and overall effectiveness.
Read full responseResponse to Sustainable products - disclosure of information on unsold consumer products
10 Jul 2025
The proposed reporting requirements under Article 24 of the ESPR Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 are set to be implemented across industries. Anima Confindustria wishes to express its concerns regarding the potential impact these obligations may have on the sectors it represents. You can find in the attached document the ANIMA contribution to the call for feedback on disclosure of information on unsold consumer products.
Read full responseMeeting with Isabella Tovaglieri (Member of the European Parliament, Shadow rapporteur for opinion) and Confartigianato Imprese
27 Mar 2025 · CBAM Simplification
Meeting with Paolo Inselvini (Member of the European Parliament)
19 Feb 2025 · analisi situazione report industriali
Meeting with Massimiliano Salini (Member of the European Parliament)
22 Jan 2025 · Industrial and energy policies
Meeting with Kristin Schreiber (Director Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs) and APPLiA (Home Appliance Europe) and
16 Jan 2025 · Possible PFAS restriction in cookware, cutlery and home appliances under the REACH Regulation
Meeting with Mariateresa Vivaldini (Member of the European Parliament)
18 Sept 2024 · Meeting conoscitivo
Meeting with Stefano Cavedagna (Member of the European Parliament)
18 Sept 2024 · Introductory meeting
Meeting with Elena Donazzan (Member of the European Parliament) and FINCANTIERI SpA and Aeroporti di Roma
18 Sept 2024 · Incontro conoscitivo e scambio di vedute sul mandato del Parlamento Europeo
Meeting with Letizia Moratti (Member of the European Parliament)
18 Sept 2024 · Industrial Policy
Meeting with Isabella Tovaglieri (Member of the European Parliament, Committee chair)
5 Sept 2024 · Future of European policies on mechanic industry
Response to Evaluation of the Pressure Equipment Directive (PED) and the Simple Pressure Vessels Directive (SPVD)
19 Jun 2024
ANIMA considers that PED and SPVD, over the years, have achieved a high level of reliability and are adequate to ensure the safety of pressure equipment, each one with its own specificities for the products covered by. It is our opinion that the field of application and the requirements in terms of safety, controls and risk-approach must be maintained, if not strengthened, in order to guarantee that pressure equipment put on the EU market continue to perform their high level of quality. We believe so these pieces of legislation, which are well-established in the industrial environment, have to be maintained, taking into account, of course, a legal adaption, due to the evolution of the EU legislative framework.
Read full responseMeeting with Patrizia Toia (Member of the European Parliament, Shadow rapporteur for opinion)
17 Mar 2023 · Fluorinated gases regulation (meeting held by the APA responsible)
Response to Energy labelling requirements for local space heaters (review)
14 Sept 2022
As a general comment, Assoclima is not against the merging of labels and scales of Room Air Conditioners and Room Heaters for the heating function. Assoclima is also open to evaluate and contribute whether a separate cooling scales scenario will be analysed by the Commission. In this latter case, there are some principles that need to be considered during the assessment of separate scales:
•The best products shall occupy the highest classes, leaving the A-one empty. Granularity should be preserved in order to enhance the best efficiency within each technology.
•We are in favour of indicating the primary energy efficiency by default for all the technologies on the energy labels.
•In case of separate cooling scales for split RAC and other conditioning appliances (like Single Ducts and Double Ducts), overlapping within classes belonging to the 2 different scales should be avoided, in order to provide end users for a clear information about the best efficient products. Furthermore, the two lowest classes of air conditioners’ cooling scale shall be empty, thus allowing the current technologies to fill the B-C-D-E classes. Fixed Double Ducts and Single Ducts should have a proper separate cooling scale.
•As stated by the policy officer, all the previous studies conducted so far (Addendum on FDD and Thermal Comfort for split appliances) must be considered.
•With respect to the values shown during the Consultation Forum, a re-evaluation of scale for split RAC is necessary, lowering the eta value proposed to take into account the impact of the introduction of control factor and to adequately populate also class B and C.
For other comments please consider the attached document.
Read full responseResponse to Energy labelling requirements for space and combination heaters (review/rescaling)
30 Mar 2022
Please consider our attached document for a deeper analysis, here below you can find a synthesis.
4. Ecodesign requirements
– extending the rules to cover appliances with a capacity from 400 kW to 1 MW
Having in mind the last version of the draft Regulation presentend, in the future a reversible appliance will be a heating product if its capacity is below 400 kW and starting from 401 kW it will must be declared as a cooling product with different Ecodesign requirements and calculations even if it will be an identical model with only a different declared capacity.
Considering also a simple energetic analysis, we can state that imposing heating requirements also on the reversible heat pumps will have a non-negligible effect since heat is the most delivered energy by these units during a year.
From a technical point of view, if a unit needs to meet SEER targets would be optimized in cooling mode; if a unit needs to meet SCOP targets would be optimized in heating mode.
Considering what above, having a unit optimized in heating mode (SCOP target) we believe is in line with the “energy efficiency first” principle.
Considering also the European Green Deal and the decarbonisation target, reversible units will progressively cover more and more heating loads as primary goals.
So, measuring them in heating instead of cooling in our opinion also gives the end users the most correct message.
– introducing new space heating categories, in particular hybrid heat pumps
Assoclima does not support the introduction of any indication of performance and seasonal efficiency at High Temperature regime also as an optional part of the product information and we recommend keeping the Medium Temperature regime testing at rated Tsupply 55°C.
Furthermore, we re-state our suggestion to carefully consider introducing the intermediate class of 45°C supply water temperature. This, in addition with the low temperature, will represent more the real-life applications of heating heat pumps and will contribute to more energy savings thanks to better-performing applications.
– updating the minimum energy efficiency limits, in particular by accounting for the new primary energy factor of 2.1 and the Green Deal objectives
As a general consideration, Assoclima would like to confirm its support to the introduction of the proposed PEF correction for the minimum limits.
– new test methods for heat pumps, in particular the ‘compensation-method
Assoclima believes that the compensation method is not mature enough for being introduced in the current review and thus asks keeping the current test method.
- revised heat pump sound power settings
Assoclima asks keeping the current approach: sound requirements applying to units up to 70 kW only. We ask keep the Prated as the conditions at which the capacity limits for maximum sound power requirements apply.
– self-monitoring and reporting of in-use energy efficiency for installed space heaters
It is not possible to currently support the EC proposal and thus Assoclima suggests reconsidering it at the next review (insert it in the review clause).
– extended resource-efficiency requirements.
Assoclima asks that only heat pumps below 70 kW are to be covered by specific energy resources requirements. Concerning heat pumps, Assoclima believes that spare parts should be limited to an exhaustive list of critical components to be listed in the Regulation.
3. Energy labelling requirements
Assoclima welcomes and support the EC proposal of rescaling the energy label to A-G as well as the introduction of the ηs value on the label.
We’d like also to inform that the proposed label is not clear since has on the same label both MT and LT classes, and so it is still unknown how to deal with it when LT heat pumps don’t reach and consequently don’t show MT performances.
Last, we’d like some clarification about the packages, whether they shall include a solar device or not.
Read full responseResponse to Energy labelling requirements for air-to-air conditioners, air-to-air heat pumps and comfort fans [review]
16 Feb 2022
Please consider the attached document, below a sum of the contents:
Within this text, Assoclima would like to provide its comments to the main options that the Impact Assessment will consider.
Taking care of the previous studies in the context of the Regulations’ revision process and the previous comments already sent by Assoclima, below are summarized some comments about options 3, 4, 6.
We would like to repeat our previous key arguments in favour of separate labelling scales:
- there is no market competition between FDD and split air conditioners;
- there is no market competition between SD and split air conditioners;
- future technological improvements for FDD and SD can only be achieved through separate scales.
Proposal for single duct units:
Revised Energy Label
EER COP
≥ < ≥ <
A 4,1 3,6
B 3,6 4,1 3,2 3,6
C 3,2 3,6 2,8 3,2
D 2,9 3,2 2,5 2,8
E 2,6 2,9 2,3 2,5
F 2,3 2,6 2,1 2,3
G 2,3 2,1
Proposal for double duct units:
Revised Energy Label
EER COP
≥ < ≥ <
A 4,1 4,6
B 3,6 4,1 3,8 4,6
C 3,1 3,6 3,2 3,8
D 2,7 3,1 2,8 3,2
E 2,4 2,7 2,5 2,8
F 2,1 2,4 2,2 2,5
G 2,1 2,2
Regarding the comfort fans, our main concern is that in the study presented during the last Consultation Forum there was a lack of data or justification provided for setting Ecodesign and Energy Label requirements.
The proposed introduction of the seasonal efficiency approach for single and double duct units (working for a limited number of days during the summer and/or winter seasons) is not justified and it does not reflect their real-life usage, therefore, we reiterate the request to set Ecodesign and Energy Labelling requirements only in terms of COP and EER (as in the current Regulations and according to EN 14511).
Moreover, the proposed Ecodesign minimum requirements will phase out almost all single and double duct models (both portable and fixed) and therefore must be reconsidered.
Here below we re-state our proposal for minimum Ecodesign requirements:
Revised Ecodesign minimum requirements
Product Type EER COP
Single/double duct fixed unit 2,6 2,6
Single/double duct portable unit 2,7 2,2
Comfort of split air conditioners
We consider feasible the inclusion of maximum air flow rates for split air conditioners as proposed.
Regardless of what maximum airflow rate is chosen, it shall be the same for cooling and heating and shall remain unchanged in the following reviews.
Both calorimeter and air enthalpy methods should be allowed.
We support the proposal to fix the bivalent point at -7 °C or lower for the average climate.
We appreciate the Commission's proposal on multi-split units to compensate the maximum airflow during testing applying a capacity ratio (CR). For systems with CR different from one, the nominal capacity of the indoor units and the corresponding outdoor unit cannot be verified, thus creating a possibility of a loophole.
To avoid such risk, we suggest considering a verification procedure that can check the declared CR for those combinations where CR is different from 1.
Testing fans at maximum speed would not be appropriate to assess the overall consumption and to define future requirements, as appliances might only be partially used in this mode. For instance, ceiling fans do not run at max speed.
Assoclima asks for a clear exclusion of Close Control Units, as well as any other unit not designed for the comfort of human beings, from the scope of the regulations.
The new Regulation enforcement should match with market seasonality: it means that it should apply to product "put on the market" from January of the year of entry into force.
We suggest to increase the implementation period to at least two years between publication and entry into force of the new Regulation.
Read full responseResponse to Revision of the Machinery Directive
4 Aug 2021
ANIMA rappresenta l’industria meccanica italiana, un settore storicamente dinamico e innovativo che fa molto affidamento sul successo della legislazione armonizzata comunitaria. Le nostre industrie accolgono con favore la proposta della Commissione Europea per un nuovo regolamento macchine anche se tuttavia nutriamo una serie di preoccupazioni su alcuni aspetti particolari. La posizione da noi espressa si concentrerà sui punti più importanti per il nostro settore:
Aspetti positivi:
adeguamento della legislazione all’NLF e conversione in un regolamento
un passo chiaro e deciso verso la digitalizzazione delle istruzioni
introduzione del concetto di modifica sostanziale e chiarimento degli obblighi in capo ai soggetti che modificano in modo sostanziale le macchine già in servizio
Aspetti preoccupanti da migliorare o modificare:
Interazione tra il regolamento IA e il regolamento macchine
Eliminazione della possibilità di autovalutazione della conformità per macchine ad alto rischio
L'elenco delle macchine ad alto rischio nell'allegato I
Il potere della Commissione di sviluppare specifiche tecniche tramite atti di esecuzione anziché tramite procedure di normazione
Sovrapposizione con la Direttiva PED per gli insiemi marcati CE ai sensi della Direttiva sulle attrezzature in pressione (PED)
Entrata in vigore e periodo transitorio
Nel documento allegato forniamo tutte le nostre analisi di dettaglio.
Read full responseResponse to Revision of the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive 2010/31/EU
22 Mar 2021
ANIMA Federation is the organization representing the mechanical and engineering industries in Italy
Regarding the Inception Impact Assessments for a potential revision of the Energy Performances of Buildings Directive, our opinion is that the issues of energy efficiency and renovation of buildings are fully among the most relevant to achieve the objectives of decarbonisation of the public and private building stock in Europe, as stated by the Renovation Wave communication.in the sense, we think that a revision of the present Directive is needed and we support the third option of the roadmap. More details are indicated in the attached document
Read full responseResponse to Revision of the Machinery Directive
10 Feb 2019
Posizione ANIMA sul documento di Inception Impact Assesment - Revisione della Direttiva Macchine
ANIMA Confindustria Meccanica Varia è l'organizzazione industriale di categoria che, in seno a Confindustria, rappresenta le aziende della meccanica italiana.
ANIMA accoglie con favore la pubblicazione del documento di Inception Impact Assesment della Commissione sulla futura revisione della Direttiva Macchine in quanto lo stesso fornisce un chiaro riassunto delle da affrontare nella revisione della direttiva e degli impatti previsti delle diverse opzioni considerate.
Gli Associati ANIMA sono fermamente convinti che l'attuale Direttiva Macchine continua ad essere adatta allo scopo e quindi nessuna modifica sostanziale (scopo, definizioni, requisiti essenziali di sicurezza) è auspicabile in questa fase. La direttiva macchine continua a contribuire in modo significativo alla sicurezza delle macchine immesse sul mercato nell'UE, in particolare a causa di un'efficace applicazione dei requisiti essenziali di sicurezza di cui all'allegato I e al ricorso, in fase di progettazione, alle norme armonizzate volontarie che forniscono la presunzione di conformità agli stessi requisiti.
Sebbene ANIMA non sia favorevole a modifiche sostanziali della Direttiva Macchine, sosteniamo adattamenti procedurali come l'allineamento con il New Legislative Framework (NLF) e la conversione della Direttiva in un Regolamento. ANIMA è dunque favorevole all'opzione 1, combinata con l'opzione 4. L'allineamento con il NLF consentirebbe alla futura legislazione sulle macchine di essere più coerente con il quadro legislativo europeo sulla sicurezza dei prodotti, con particolare riferimento alla terminologia e alle definizioni relative al ruolo degli operatori economici, alla documentazione tecnica (ad esempio la DoC) e alla sorveglianza del mercato.
La trasformazione in Regolamento consentirebbe inoltre di eliminare i possibili ritardi nei recepimenti nazionali, in virtù dell'applicabilità diretta nei vari Stati Membri.
Oltre a queste due opzioni, ANIMA è aperta a discutere la “sotto-opzione” dell’opzione 2 che riguarda il permesso di fornire documentazione di accompagno alla macchina con mezzi digitali. Questa possibilità aiuterebbe significativamente gli operatori economici a ridurre i costi e gli oneri amministrativi senza pregiudicare la ne4cessità dell’utilizzatore di accedere alle relative informazioni. Se il testo attuale della Direttiva Macchine non obbliga i produttori a fornire documentazione su carta, per garantire che la documentazione accompagni sempre la macchina (con particolare riferimento al manuale di istruzioni), la Guida Comunitaria sulla Direttiva Macchine include esplicitamente il termine "formato cartaceo" quando interpreta il requisito di cui sopra. ANIMA ritiene pertanto che una modifica alla Guida, in modo che la stessa consenta esplicitamente l’utilizzo di mezzi elettronici per fornire la documentazione (ad esempio codici QR, pdf, siti Web, ecc.), sia la soluzione da seguire, senza la necessità di modificare l'allegato I della Direttiva Macchine.
Per quanto riguarda le altre “sotto-opzioni” dell'opzione 2 (modifica dei requisiti essenziali di sicurezza per trattare le nuove tecnologie), ANIMA è del parere che la Direttiva Macchine fornisca un solido quadro giuridico anche in relazione alle nuove tecnologie che sono trattabili applicando in maniera pertinente gli attuali requisiti di sicurezza dell'allegato I. Qualsiasi funzionalità di intelligenza artificiale è già considerata dall'uso previsto definito dal produttore. Pertanto, non vi è alcuna necessità di includere ulteriori requisiti relativi all’intelligenza artificiale, alla sicurezza informatica o alla coesistenza uomo-robot, nell'attuale quadro giuridico.
Read full responseResponse to Ecodesign requirements for (other) electric motors
19 Nov 2018
The Italian Pump Manufacturers Association ASSOPOMPE appreciates any action undertaken for a more resource and energy efficient world. Therefore, we would like to bring in our knowledge to make Eco-design regulations a useful tool for reducing energy consumption.
ASSOPOMPE welcomes the proposal to review the actual Regulation 640/2009 on the ecodesign of electric motors but would like to provide the following comments:
- Including single-phase motors with a requirement of IE2 seems to be really ambitious compared to the actual state of the art for this kind of motors. We believe it is comparable with a minimum requirement of IE4 for three phase motors. ASSOPOMPE suggest starting with IE1 level first. Reaching higher classes could mean different motor frame sizes and therefore geometrical problems for product integrated single-phase motors which is common for this kind of motors.
- The current proposal exlcudes “Motors designed and specified to operate wholly immersed in a liquid”. We believe that this definition is not a suitable definition of submersible motors. There are motors that can operate submersed continuously or part of the time and don’t require to be fully submersed for their operation. Submersible motors can be also dry-installed where for example there is a risk of flooding and the requirement on reliability is high. These motors have the same capability of submersed operation and should therefore be handled uniformly in the regulation. In our opinion it is better to mantain the current definition of submersible motor from the current text of Regulation 640/2009: “Motors designed to operate wholly immersed in a liquid”. This definition of submersible motors is also aligned with the one given in IEC 60034-30-1 that defines IE-classes for electrical motors and excludes submersible motors from the scope of the standard.
- Since IE5 is not available in induction motor technology and the scope of this regulation refers to induction motors, the definition of an IE5 class should be deleted from this draft regulation together with any reference to IE5 efficiency level.
- In Annex 2 point 2 the restriction to 4kHz and 2kHz should be deleted to keep the field open for all applications and not limit the switching frequency. To specify a specific switching frequency would mean to extra-implement it into a frequency converter just to fulfill this test mode. This could create a virtual “test mode” prohibited under Article 7 of this regulation.
- 60 Hz only motors are not relevant for Europe. Introducing them into the regulation without an appropriate test code could generate loopholes.
Read full responseResponse to Revision of the Drinking Water Directive (RECAST 2017)
30 Mar 2018
ANIMA Confindustria Meccanica Varia ed Affine è l'organizzazione industriale di categoria che rappresenta le aziende della meccanica italiana, un settore che occupa 213.000 addetti per un fatturato di 46,7 miliardi di euro e una quota export/fatturato del 57,9%.
Al suo interno ANIMA riunisce, tra gli altri,i produttori di valvolame, rubinetteria, contatori, pompe, apparecchiature per il trattamento dell’acqua e caldaie domestiche. Questi settori sono tutti interessati alla revisione della direttiva 98/83/CE, con particolare riferimento al tema della conformità di materiali e prodotti destinati al contatto con acqua potabile.
Negli ultimi anni ANIMA e le sue Associazioni hanno costantemente manifestato la necessità di rivedere la direttiva 98/83/CE al fine di armonizzare i requisiti per materiali e prodotti destinati al contatto con l'acqua potabile.
All'interno del consorzio European Drinking Water (EDW), che riunisce i settori dell'industria europea interessati a questo tema, sono state sviluppate proposte concrete per modificare il testo dell’attuale articolo 10 della direttiva con l'obiettivo di instaurare un sistema normativo funzionante a livello UE per tutti i prodotti e materiali a contatto con l'acqua potabile, cogliendo l’occasione dell’attuale revisione in corso.
La Commissione ha riconosciuto le lacune dell’attuale articolo 10 che, consentendo larga flessibilità agli Stati membri nell'attuazione delle sue disposizioni, ha di fatto creato un ostacolo al libero mercato e instaurato diversi livelli di protezione dei consumatori.
Purtroppo siamo convinti che l'attuale proposta di revisione non sia adatta a risolvere pienamente questi problemi e che di fatto non tenga conto delle esigenze e della proposte dei produttori.
La proposta di revisione dell’articolo 10 contenuta nella proposta COM (2017) 753 offre solo una soluzione parziale e dunque insoddisfacente alla mancanza di armonizzazione, fissando dei requisiti solo per i prodotti da costruzione a contatto con l'acqua potabile, attraverso lo sviluppo di norme tecniche armonizzate nell’ambito del Regolamento Prodotti da Costruzione (CPR).
Crediamo fortemente che questa non sia una soluzione adeguata per i seguenti motivi:
• Non tutti i prodotti a contatto con l'acqua potabile rientrano nel campo di applicazione del CPR, pertanto tali prodotti sarebbero esclusi dall'armonizzazione delle applicazioni di acqua potabile, secondo il nuovo articolo 10 riaprendo le porte a regolamenti nazionali\locali. Tra questi prodotti vi sono sicuramente quelli rappresentati da ANIMA (valvolame, rubinetteria, contatori, pompe, apparecchiature per il trattamento dell’acqua e caldaie domestiche)
• Inoltre, uno degli obiettivi del regolamento sui prodotti da costruzione (UE) 305/2011 è quello di armonizzare i metodi di prova per i prodotti a contatto con l'acqua potabile, ma questo non è un quadro adatto per una piena armonizzazione.
Dunque, ANIMA auspica la definizione di un quadro normativo pienamente armonizzato per tutti i prodotti e i materiali a contatto con l'acqua potabile, attraverso un regolamento dedicato, basato sull'articolo 114 del trattato dell’Unione Europea, per evitare che gli Stati membri continuino a fissare i propri requisiti minimi in maniera autonoma.
ANIMA ritiene che l'armonizzazione delle norme relative a prodotti e materiali a contatto con l'acqua potabile dovrebbe essere uno degli obiettivi della politica dell'UE in materia di acqua potabile. Una clausola di revisione potrebbe essere inclusa nell'attuale revisione della Direttiva al fine di imporre alla Commissione di proporre un nuovo regolamento dedicato sui prodotti e materiali a contatto con l'acqua potabile.
Come membro del Consorzio EDW, ANIMA sostiene le proposte EDW per lavorare a livello normativo nell'ambito di un mandato di standardizzazione che dovrebbe avere l'obiettivo di perseguire un'ulteriore armonizzazione dei materiali e dei prodotti a contatto con l'acqua potabile.
Read full response