Today's increasingly challenging geopolitical context requires action at EU level to improve the coordination of export controls on items with both civil and defense uses - such as advanced electronics, toxins, nuclear or missile technology – so that they are not used to undermine security and human rights. This White Paper on Export Controls proposes both short and medium-term actions, in full respect of the existing rules at EU and multilateral level. The Commission proposes to introduce uniform EU controls on those items that were not adopted by the multilateral export control regimes due to the blockage by certain members. This would avoid a patchwork of national approaches. The White Paper also proposes a senior level forum for political coordination and announces a Commission Recommendation in Summer 2024 for an improved coordination of National Control lists prior to the planned adoption of national controls. It is also proposed to advance the evaluation of the EU Dual-Use Regulation to 2025. This White Paper is part of the Economic Security Strategy package adopted by the European Commission on 24.01.2024. The other two White papers adopted at the same time are <a href="https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/better-regulation/have-your-say/initiatives/14143-Draft-for-public-consultation-on-a-Recommendation-to-monitor-outbound-investments-for-further-risk-assessment_en">Draft for public consultation on a Recommendation to monitor outbound investments for further risk assessment </a> and <a href="https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/better-regulation/have-your-say/initiatives/14060-RD-on-dual-use-technologies-options-for-support_en">R&D on dual-use technologies – options for support</a>.